Photographic-camera shutter.



No. 885,142. PATENTED APR. 21, 15 908.

F. A. BROWNELL.

PHOTOGRAPHIG CAMERA SHUTTER.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 3, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED APR. 21, 190 F. A: BROWNELL. I PHOTOGRAPHIG CAMERA SHUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 3, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

8 'IIIIIIIIII'IIIIII.

hwmdoz ITED sTAtrEs PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK A. BROWNELL, or ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR To EASTMAN KODAK eon PANY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION or NEw YORK.

PHOTOGRAPHIC-CAHERA SHUTTER.

To all whom it may concern:

I for hotogra hic'cameras, and particularly to t rat class 'nown as iris diaphragm shutters, embodying a plurality of ivoted overlapping leaves or blades, and it as for its object to provide a suitable operating mechanism therefor whereby the leaves may be operated for making either timefbulb or in' stantaneous exposures, and also for governing the relative movement of the leaves so that the opening formed upon any of the above mentioned exposures may be stopped or varied in size as the operator may desire.

.To these and other ends the invention con sists in certain improvements and combinations of parts, all as will be hereinafter more fully described, the novel features being pointed out in the .claims at the end of the specification. I

In the drawings:Figure 1 is a front elevation of a camera shutter embodying-my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view thereof with the cover or front of the casing'removed, showing the'parts in a normal position. Fig. 3 is also a front elevation showing in detail the. master member, the actuating device therefor and the adjustable arm supporting it. Fig. 4 is a view showing the master member in actuated position and the time and bulb stops adapted to coo erate therewith, the su port for said stops eing omitted to more 0 early illustrate the underlying parts.

. Fig. 5 is a e; ew similar to Fig. 4 showingthe master member in the position in which it is temporarily arrested by the bulb Stop. Fig. 6 is a view corresponding to Figs. 4 and 5 showing the master member arrested by the time stop, and Fig. 7 is a view showing the parts in the same position as Fig. 6, and in conjunction therewith illustrating the effect of the adlilustment of the master member whereby t e aperture formed by the o ening movement of the shutter blades may e va-v V Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 8, 1904. Serial No. 219,287.

Patented April 2 1 1908 ried. Fig. 8 is a view'taken within the eas ing and illustrating the pivoted shutter blades and a member fog operating them. Fig. 9 is a cross sectional view on the line 9 9 of Fig. 1, the mechanism within the shutter casing being omitted, and Fig.'10 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 10 10 of Fig. 9. similar to Fig. 9 illustrating the adjustment of the stop supporting member whereby the time and bulb stops are moved into operative position relative the master member. 12 is a sectional view taken on the line 12 12 of Fig. 9. Fig. 13 is a detail sectional View on the line 13 13 of Fig. 2 showing the parts in'a normal osition, and Fig. 13 is a similar view showing the parts in operative position Fig. 14 is a cross sectional view on the line 14. 14 of Fig. 2. Fig. 15 is a sectional view on the line 15 15 of Fig. 1 showingLthe retarding device. Fig. 16 is a rear view of the shutter casing.

stamped or otherwise turned upwardly thereon and is adapted to receive a cover or closure 5 provided with a central aperture, in alinement with the aperture 2, in which is journaled a sleeve 6 provided on its outer side with a shoulder 7 and held in position on the cover by means of diametrically arranged posts or screws 8. The adjustment of the time and bulb stops whereby either instantaneous bulb or time exposures may be made by the shutter, as will be more fully described, are accomplished by the rotation of the sleeve 6, and to this end it is provided with an index finger 9 mounted on a ring 10 encircling the means, of the offset 15, in the-finger, whic extends through a notch formed in the Fig.'11 is a cross sectionalview shoulder. 7. The ring '10 is also provided with a small projection 16 adapted to engage t e one of aseries of notches 17 formed in face of the cover 5, whereby the sleeve may be held whenever it is adjusted to move the index finger into engagement with one or the other of the letters I, B, T (as shown in Fig. 1) to set the shutter for making either of the v aforementioned exposures.

On the bottom 1 of the casing is a stationary ring 18 provided with a pluralit of notches 1.9 the sides of which form shou ders between which loosely rest the ends 20 of the shutter blades 21. The outer ends of the blades are curved slightly at the edges to .increase the thickness of the blades at their bearing points while their thin inner ends overlap to normally close the aperture 2. Arranged within the ring 18 but preferably not engaging therewith, is an operating or controlling member 22 carrying pins '23 extending through each of the leaves and entering slots or apertures 24 located in the bottom 1 forming a support, as shown in Fig. 16.

' These slots have the inner concentric surfaces against which the pins 23 rest to center the ring or operating member 22 and as they extend through the leaves the latter will be rotated upon their pivots, to open or close the lens aperture when the ring or controlling member is turned in one direction or the other. If desired the length of slots 24 may be proportioned to limit the o )ening movement of the blades. The mem er 22 is held in position within the ring 18 by the heads of screws 24, and at one side it is rovided with a shoulder 25, extending over t 1e ring 18 and having an end or abutment 26 with which a master member is adapted to en age as will be further described. The mem )er' is nor mally operated by a spring 30, in a direction to move the leaves so that the shutter aperture is closed, as shown particularly in Fig. 8.

jectingexteriorly of the casing, which is normally operated in one direction by a coil spring wra ped around the stud 39 and havmg the en 38 engaging said actuating device. The master member is normally operated into the position, shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 6 by means of a spring 45, and connected to the member is a retarding device, embodying a tpiston 46 operating in the cylinder 47, one 0 said parts being pivotally connectedto the master member, by a pin 48, while the other is journaled, on a in 49, in an extension 50 on the side 4 of t e casing, whereby a relative oscillatory movement of the retarding device is permitted during the o eration of the master member. The desire ility of a retarding device in a shutter of this kind will be a IiIparentwhen-it is taken into consideration t at in order-"to iiisure a proper operation of the parts, it isde'sirable to make the motor spring 45 of sufficient,

strength to operate the shutter under all eo'n ditions and to afl'ord a positive 0 ening of the blades against the tension of t e spring 30 when operated for bulb and time exposures. Owin to the minuteness of the parts and 'their light weight, such a spring is liable to instantaneous exposures under ordinary conditions of hght will not exposed negatives.

As the shutter blades are operated by the oscillatory movement of the member 22 it will beseen that the size of the lens aperture may be regulated by determining such movement, which may be readily aceom )lished by varying the relative position of the master member thereto so that the dwell, or the length of time the' shoulder 35 thereof remains in engagement with the abutment 26 may be regulated. This result, in the. present instance isattained by an adjustment of the arm 32 carrying the pivot point 33 said arm being provided with an operating end 51,

produce underhaving a slot 52 at its extremity, adapted to receive a pin 53 carried on an index finger 54 arranged on the exterior of the cover 5. This finger is provided with a ring 55, similar to the ring 10, which surrounds the sleeve 6. One side of this ring is also provided with a point or depression 56 adapted to engage with a series of notches 57 arranged on the cover 5 to center the finger 54, when it registers with one or another of the numeral indications, as shown in Fig. 1, which are employed to designate the size of the lens aperture formed by the opening movement of the blades.

From an inspection of the drawings it will be noticed thatthe swinging movement of the master member, on its pivot 33, causes the shoulder 35 thereon to be operated at an angle across the path described by the abutment 26, during the oscillatory movement of the member 22, so that when the arm 32 is adjusted to the position shown in Fig. 2, when the finger 54 registers with the index numeral 1, and the master member is operated to the position shown in Fig. 4, the member 22 will be rotated a sullicient distance to move the blades so as to expose the full size shutter opening. However, if the finger 54 is moved, from the position in Fig.

- 1, to register with the numeral 3 the in 53,

operating in the slot 52, will move he end 51, of the arm 32, downwardly to the position have been moved to only partially open the aperture, as shown in Fig. 7. The s ioulder 35 is made of such a length that after its operating end has passed out of engagement with the abutment 26, it will, if arrested, prevent the return movement of the member 22, un-

der the action of its spring 30, and prevent the closing of the shutter aperture as shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, permitting the shutter to be operated for making bulb and time exposures as will be further described.

Mounted upon a stud 58 is an arm or support 59 having an outer end 60, forming a guide on which is carried a reciprocatory .member 65, held in position thereon by a loop 66 passing over the arm and a headed stud 67 operating through an elongated aperture68 in said arm. The member is provided with a bulb 'stop 69 adapted to cooperate with a projection 70, on the master member, and it also has a time stop 71 cooperating with a projection 7 2, on the master member. The member 65 also carries a pin 73 whichextends into an elongated aperture 7 4 formed in'an arm ofthe actuating member 38 as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. The projections and 72 extend outwardly from the master member and are of different heights, the former-being slightly longer than the latter, as shownin Fig. 11 so that they only en'- gage with their respective bulb and time stops'when these are adjusted transversely of the path of their movement and are in opera.- tive alinement therewith. The stud 58 is surrounded by a spring which bears against the lower side of the arm or support 59 and the latter is primarily adjusted by means of a screw 81 and is normally moved outwardlyby the spring 80 to hold the stop projections on the reciprocatory member 65 out ofoperative position with the projectio n on the master member. The arm 59 is also provided with a cam having steps 82 and 83 with which one of the pins 8 on the sleeve 6 cooperates, whereby as the latter is rotated to the position shown in Fig. 1, with the index finger 9 registering with the letter I, the arm 59 will be released, and when the sleeve is rotated to make a bulb exposure, the pin 8 engaging the ste 82 will move the arm in wardly sullicient y to cause the projection-69 to be held in the plane of operation of the projection 7 0. If it is desired to make a time exposure the sleeve is rotated to cause the pin 8 to engage the cam step 83 and move the time stop 71 into operative alinement with the projection 72 on the master member, as shown in Fig: 11. v To make abulb exposure the operator first adjusts the sleeve 6, as before described, so that the guide 60 supports the reciprocatory member 65 in position to carry its projection 69 into the path ofth projection 70, when the master member is released, as shown in Fig. 5, in which position it will be held and the movement of the master member arrested as long as the actuating device is held in the operated position shown in Fig. 5 the closing of the blades bein prevented by the abutment 26 engaging t ie shoulder 35 on the master member. Upon releasing the actuating device it will be returned .to its normal position by the action of the spring 45, causing the projection 69 to be retracted and the master member released, wl1icl'i in turn releases the member 22 allowing the shutter blades to be closed. I i

In making a time exposure the master member is arrested by. the conjoint operation of the timeand bulb stopprojections cooperating with their respective projections on the master member, when the guide 60 is moved inwardly by the engagement of the pin 8 with the cam step 83. Then the movement of the actuating device 38 sets the master member and moves the reciprocatory member 65 inwardly, to the position shown in Fig. 4, and when the master member is released it is first caught by theprojection 69 and subsequently arrested by the stop 71 which is moved in front of the projection 72, prior to the'disengagement of the projections 69 and 7 0. During this part of the operation the reciprocatory member 65 has been moved slightly in a direction toward its normal position by the action of the spring 38, but in order to hold the shutter blades 0 en for an indefinite length of time the comp ete return movement of the member 65 is prevented by l a small shoulder 84, at the outer side of the stop- 71, which engages with the side of the projection 72 to hold the parts as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, permitting the master member to be released only when the member 65 is again moved inwardly by a second or subsequent movement of the actuating device 38.

I claim as my invention 7 1. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and a control device for setting the master member in engagement with the controller and a stop re-.

ciprocated across the path of the master member by the actuating device and means for adjusting the stop laterally relatively to 5 the plane of 'the movement of the master member; i

3. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and a controller for operating them, of a master member for operating said controller, an actuating device for moving the master member into engagement with the controller and a reciprocating stop adjustable into operative alinement with the master member and connections between the actuating device and said stop for projecting and retracting the latter into and out of engagement with the master member.

4. In a shutter, the combination with a go casing, pivoted bladestherein and means for operating them, of a master member controlling said means, a movable stop cooperating with the master member, means for adjusting said stop into operative alinement therewith 2 5 and a setting device for said master member connected to the stop and actuating it into and out of engagement with the master member.

5. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and means for operating them, of 'a master member controlling said means, an actuating device for the master member and a stop reciprocated thereby, a movable guide for the stop and means for adjusting it to move the stop into operative position relative the master member. i

6. In a. shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and means for 40 operating them, of a master member controlling said means and having a rojection thereon, an actuating device for t e master member, a reciprocating stop adapted to en- 4 gage the projection, a movable support for I the stop normally holding it in an inoperative position and means for adjusting said support to move the stop into alinement with said projection.

7. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and means for operating them, of a master member con- ,trolling said means and having a projection thereon, an actuating device for themaster member, a guide arranged at one side of the master member and means for adjusting it relatively to the path of said member, a stop supported on the guide, means for projecting it into the ath of the projection on the master memlier and means for retractingit out of engagement therewith.

8. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and means for operating them, of a master member controlling said means and an actuating device for said member, a guide arranged over the master member and .a yielding sup ort for the guide, a stop carried on the une, a device for adjusting the latter relatively to the master member and means for operating the stop into and out of engagement with said master member.

9. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and means for operating them, of a master member controlling 'said means and an actuatin device for said member, of an arm, an ad ustable support therefor, and a guide on the arm, a movable stop on the guide, mechanism for adjusting the guide to lace the stop in operative position relative t e master member and connections between the actuating device and said stop for causing it to cooperate with the master member. a

10. In a shutter,-the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and means for operating them, of a master member controlling said means and an'actuating device for said member, a movable uide having a cam surface thereon, a mem ber carried on the casing and engaging the cam surface to move the guide relatively to the path of the master member, a stop on the guide and means for actuating it into and out of engagement with the master member.

11. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and a member for operating them, a master member 0011- trolling its operation and an actuating device for the latter, of a movable guide, a sleeve j ournaled on the casing and cooperating with 100 the guide to move it relatively to the path of the master member and a movable stop carried on the uide and cooperating with the master mem er.

12. 'In a shutter, the combination with a @105 casing, pivoted blades therein and a member for operating them, a master member controlling its operation and an actuating device for the latter, of a movable guide, a tubular sleeve extending into the casing and jour- 110 naled thereon and cooperating with the guide to move it relatively to the master member and a movable stop carried on the guide and coiiperating with the master member. i

13. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and a member -for operating them, a master member'controlling its operation and an actuating device for the latter, of a movable guide, a tubular sleeve journaled in the casing and cooperating with the guide to move it relatively to the master member, a ring encircli the sleeve having an index pointer and a stop on the guide cooperating with the master member. l

14. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein, a member for operating them, a master member for controlling its operation having two projections tions thereon of different lengths an vice for actuating the master member, of a for adjusting the guide to move said stopsinto operative alinement with their respective rojections and means for moving the member on the guide.

15; In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades thereon, a memher for operating them, a master member for controlling its operation having two rojgca L euide, a member movably mounted thereon aving stops adapted to engage the separate projections, means for adjusting the guide to move one or the other of said stops into the laneof its respective projection and means For reci rocating the member on the guide.

16. n a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein, a member for operating them, a master member for controlling. its 0 eration having two projections thereon an a device for actuating the master member, of a guide, a reciprocating member mounted thereon having a stop adapted to engage one of the projectionsand provided with a second stop adapted to interlock with the other projection, means for adjusting the guide to carry one or the other of said stops into operative alinement with its respective projection on the master member and means for reciprocating themember on the guide.

17. In a shutter, the combination with a I casing, pivoted blades therein, a member for operating them, a master member for controlling its operation having two projections thereon of different lengths and a device for actuating the master member, of a guide having a cam surface, a member movably mounted on the guide, stops on the member adapted to be moved into and out of engagement with the projections, a device engaging the cam to carry the stops into the plane of the movement of their respective projections and means for reciprocating the member on the guide.

18. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein, a member'for operating them, a master member for controlling its operation having two projections thereon of diilerent lengths and a device for actuating the master member, of a movable support, a reciprocatory member mounted thereon and means for operating it,

a bulb stop on the member adapted to en gage one of the projections and a time stop also carried on said member and adapted to cooperate with the other projections and a device engaging the support to set the bulb and time stops in cooperative relationship to their respective projections.

19. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and a member for operating them, of a pivoted master member, cooperating with the o erating member, meansfor adjusting one 0 said members to limit its dwell in engagement with the other member, a device for actuating the master member and means for closing the blades.

20. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and a'member for operating them, of a pivoted master member cooperating with the operating member to open the blades, means for adjusting the master member to limit its dwell in engagement with said operating member, a device for actuating the master member and means for closing the blades.

21. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and an operating member therefor having a projection, of a master member having a shoulder cooperating with said projection, means for adjusting the master member to vary the distance through which the operating member is moved and a device for actuating the master member.

22. In -a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted. blades therein and an operating member therefor having a projection, of a ivoted master member provided with a shou der cooperating with said projection, means for ad usting the pivotal point of the master member and means for actuating the latter. j

23. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and a pivoted operating member therefor, of a pivoted master member cooperating with the latter, means for adjusting the ivotal point of one of the members relative y to the said point of the other member, to vary the opening movement of said blades and an actuating device for the master member.

24. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein, an operating member therefor and a swinging arm, of a master member carried on the arm and cooperating with the operating member, means for adjusting the arm to vary the opening movement of the blades and a device for actuating the master member.

25. In a shutter, the combination with a casing,.pivoted bladestherein, an operating member therefor, and a swinging arm pivoted in the casing, of a'master member piv-' oted on the arm and cooperating with the operating member, an index finger arranged exteriorly of the casing and connected to the arm for adjusting said master member to vary the movement of the operating master member, and an actuating device for the master member. 7 v

26. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein, an operating member thereforand a swinging arm, of a master member carried on the arm and cooperating with the operating member, 'a retarding evice ivoted to the master member and the casing, means for adjusting the arm to vary the movement of the operating member and an actuating device for the master member.

27. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein, an operating member therefor and a swinging arm, of a master member carried on the arm and cooperating with the operating member, a retarding device embodying va cylinder and a movable piston pivotally connected to the master member and the casing,- an. index finger for adjusting the arm and an actuating device for the master member.

28. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein, an operating member therefor and a master member for controlling 1t, of a guide having a cam surface, a movable member thereon having a stop and a sleeve journaled on the casing and provided with a part engaging the cam surface, a device for actuating the master member and'reciprocating the movable member, a swinging arm carrying the master member and an index finger journaled on the sleeve and connected to the swingin arm.

29. In a shutter, the combination with a casing having recesses or apertures therein and pivoted blades, of an operative member,

projections thereon engaging the blades and extending into the recesses or apertures and means for operating the member.

30. In a shutter, the combination with a casing havin with aplurahty ofrecesses formed concentrically, and a plurality of pivoted blades, of

an oscillatory operating member, lprojections 1 actuating the operating member.

32. In a shutter, the combination with a support, a stationary ring thereon having a support therein providedapertures therein and pivoted blades, of an oscillatory member, projections thereon en-' gaging the blades and entering the recesses to center the member and cooperating with the ends thereof to limit its movement and means for operating the member.

34. In a shutter, the combination with a support, shoulders thereon and thin'blades. having an extended portion provided with upturned edges located between ad'acent shoulders, ofa member engagingthe lades and means for operating said member.

35. In a shutter, the combination with a casing having a bottom provided with concentric apertures, a ring on-the bottom provided with recesses, and blades lying on the bottom and having portions extending into the recesses on the ring, of an operating member extending over the leaves and located within the ring, retaining devices engaging the member, projections on the latter engaging the leaves and extending into the recesses in the bottom of the casin to center the operating member and means or actuating the member.

36. In a shutter, the combination with a casing, pivoted blades therein and means for operating them, of a master member controlling said means, a setting device for the master member, a stop actuated by the setting device across the path of the master member and means for ad'usting said stop into '0 erative ali'nement with said member.

37. n a shutter, the combination with a casing havin a central aperture and a plurality of over apping blades normallyclosing said aperture and i projecting radially, of stationa shoulders orming abutments against whic the opposite sides of said ends engage and means for 100 oscillating the blades- I FRANK A. BROWNELL. Witnesses: i i I.

I G. WILLARD R1011,

. RUssELL B. GRIFFITH.

aving their outer ends. 

